It involves identifying & selecting specific segments of the population to focus marketing efforts on, with the goal of reaching the most relevant audience for a product or service.
Targeting can be based on various factors, including demographics (such as age, gender, income, education), psychographics (such as interests, values, lifestyle), behavior (such as purchasing history, online activities), geographic location, or technographic data (such as device usage, internet connection speed).
For example, a fitness apparel brand might target active individuals aged 18-35 who are interested in health & fitness, live in urban areas & frequently engage with fitness-related content online.